Authors:
Lehtinen M. Dillner J. Knekt P. Luostarinen T. Aromaa A. Kirnbauer R.
Koskela P. Paavonen J. Peto R. Schiller JT. Hakama M.
Institution:
Dept. of Chronic Viral Diseases, NPHI, Mannerheimintie 166,FIN-00300
Helsinki; Finland.
Title:
Serologically diagnosed infection with human papillomavirus type 16 and risk for subsequent development of cervical carcinoma: Nested case-control study (1996-1977).
Source:
BMJ. Vol 312(7030) (pp37-539), 1996.
Abstract:
Objectives:
To study human papillomavirus type 16 in the aetiology of cervical carcinoma.
Design:
Within a cohort of 18 814 Finnish women followed for up to 23 years a nested case-control study was conducted based on serological diagnosis of past infection with human papillomavirus type 16. Subjects - 72 women (27 with invasive carcinoma and 45 with in situ carcinoma) and 143 matched controls were identified during the follow up. Main outcome measure - Relative risk of cervical carcinoma in presence of IgG antibodies to human papillomavirus type 16.
Results:
After adjustment for smoking and for antibodies to various other agents of sexually transmitted disease, such as herpes simplex virus type 2 and Chlamydia trachomatis, the only significant association was with infection with human papillomavirus type 16 (odds ratio 12.5; 95% confidence interval 2.7 to 57, 2P< 0.001).
Conclusion:
- This prospective study provides epidemiological evidence that infection with human papillomavirus type 16 confers an excess risk for subsequent development of cervical carcinoma.
Please click on the required question.
- 1 What is the cervix?
- 2 What is a cervical polyp?
- 3 What is meant by cervical erosion (ectopy) and cervicitis?
- 4 What is the transformation zone?
- 5 What is a 'Paptest' (PAP test (cervical smear) test)
- 6 My PAP smear test (cervical smear) shows inflammation. Should I be worried?
- 7 What are cells and what is an abnormal (pre- malignant) cell?
- 8 My PAP smear test (cervical smear) shows abnormal cells. Does this mean that I have cancer?
- 9 What is meant by the terms pre-malignant cells, dyskaryosis, dysplasia and CIN?
- 10 What are the symptoms of pre-malignancy of the cervix?
- 11 What are benign and malignant tumours?
- 12 Why have I developed a pre-malignant condition of my cervix?
- 13 What is colposcopy?
- 14 What treatments are available for pre-malignant conditions of the cervix?
- 15 Can pre-malignant conditions of the cervix be cured?
- 16 How can I be re-assured that the pre-malignant changes will not recur?
- 17 How can we prevent carcinoma of the cervix?
- 18 Is there a reason to screen for HPV?
- 19 Support Groups.
- 20 Are there any support groups?
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