Clin Cancer Res. 2008 Feb 15;14(4):1065-72.
Diagnostic markers for early detection of ovarian cancer.
Visintin I, Feng Z, Longton G, Ward DC, Alvero AB, Lai Y, Tenthorey J, Leiser A, Flores-Saaib R, Yu H, Azori M, Rutherford T, Schwartz PE, Mor G.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520, USA.
Purpose:
Early detection would significantly decrease the mortality rate of ovarian cancer. In this study, we characterize and validate the combination of six serum biomarkers that discriminate between disease-free and ovarian cancer patients with high efficiency. EXPERIMENTAL
Design:
We analyzed 362 healthy controls and 156 newly diagnosed ovarian cancer patients. Concentrations of leptin, prolactin, osteopontin, insulin-like growth factor II, macrophage inhibitory factor, and CA-125 were determined using a multiplex, bead-based, immunoassay system. All six markers were evaluated in a training set (181 samples from the control group and 113 samples from OC patients) and a test set (181 sample control group and 43 ovarian cancer).
Results:
Multiplex and ELISA exhibited the same pattern of expression for all the biomarkers. None of the biomarkers by themselves were good enough to differentiate healthy versus cancer cells. However, the combination of the six markers provided a better differentiation than CA-125. Four models with <2% classification error in training sets all had significant improvement (sensitivity 84%-98% at specificity 95%) over CA-125 (sensitivity 72% at specificity 95%) in the test set. The chosen model correctly classified 221 out of 224 specimens in the test set, with a classification accuracy of 98.7%.
Conclusions:
We describe the first blood biomarker test with a sensitivity of 95.3% and a specificity of 99.4% for the detection of ovarian cancer. Six markers provided a significant improvement over CA-125 alone for ovarian cancer detection. Validation was performed with a blinded cohort. This novel multiplex platform has the potential for efficient screening in patients who are at high risk for ovarian cancer.
Please click on the required question.
- 1 What is cancer (malignancy)
- 2 What is meant by cancer staging?
- 3 How prevalent is cancer?
- 4 How prevalent are womens' cancers?
- 5 What causes cancer?
- 6 Is cancer a hereditary condition?
- 7 How can gynaecological cancer present?
- 8 How can we reduce the risks of the womens' cancers?
Reducing the Risks of Womens' Cancers.
- 9 What are screening tests?
- 10 What are the reactions to a diagnosis of cancer?
- 11 Is there a place for counselling when cancer is diagnosed?
- 12 Can personality alter the prognosis?
- 13 Is the incidence of deaths from the female cancers changing?
- 14 Is there a place for a holistic approach to cancer?
Cancer of the Cervix.
- 15 How prevalent is cervical cancer?
- 16 What causes cervical cancer?
- 17 How long an interval should there be between cervical screening (smear) (PAP) tests?
- 18 Is there any evidence that cervical screening can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer?
- 19 Will pre-malignant changes of the cervix invariably lead to cancer?
Endometrial Cancer (Uterus)
- 20 What causes endometrial cancer?
- 21 Are there screening tests for endometrial cancer?
- 22 How does endometrial cancer present?
- 22a How can endometrial cancer be prevented?
- 22b How can endometrial cancer be treated?
Cancer of the Ovary.
- 23 How does ovarian cancer present?
- 24 How prevalent is ovarian cancer?
- 25 What are tumour markers?
- 26 Can we screen for ovarian cancer?
- 27 What is the relationship between infertility and ovarian cancer?
- 28 Can treatment of infertility increase the risk of ovarian cancer?
- 29 What is the relationship between oral contraception and cancer?
- 30 Can ovarian cancer be prevented?
- 31 I use talcum power. Could this increase my risk of developing ovarian cancer?
The Treatment Of Womens' Cancers
- 32 Can we predict the course of a cancer?
- 33 What treatment options are available for gynaecological cancer?
- Q32.33c What treatment options are available for ovarian cancer?
Cancer of the Vulva, Vagina and Fallopian Tube
- 34 How prevalent are malignant conditions of the vulva, vagina and Fallopian tubes?
Breast Cancer
- 35 What is the incidence of breast cancer?
- 35 ?What is the cause of breast cancer?
- 35a What are the advantages of breast cancer screening - mammography - mammograms?
- 14 Is there a place for a holistic approach to cancer?
- 36 How often should breast screening be carried out?
- 37 Are there any problems having a mammogram?
- 38 Should I check myself for breast lumps?
- 39 One of my family developed cancer of the breast. Am I at increased risk?
- 40 We have a family tendency towards developing breast / ovarian cancer. Are there any genetic tests to find out if I am at increased risk?
- 41 What happens if a mammogram shows an abnormality?
- 42 What are the advantages and disadvantages of tamoxifen in the management of breast cancer?
- 42a Breast Cancer Treatment - What is available?
- 43 What is the relationship between breast cancer and the pill?
Web sites and Support Groups
- 44 Are there any support groups?
- 44 Are there any support groups?
- 45 Support Groups.
- 46 Breast Cancer Support Groups
- 47 Ovarian Cancer Support Groups
- 48 Endometrial Cancer Support Groups
- 49 Cervical Cancer Support Groups
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This is the personal website of David A Viniker MD FRCOG, Consultant Obstetrician and Gynaecologist at Whipps Cross University Hospital, London - Specialist Interests - Reproductive Medicine including Infertility, PCOS, PMS, Menopause and HRT.
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