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J Perinat Med. 2007;35 Suppl 1:S19-24.
Role of omega 3-fatty acids and multivitamins in
gestation.
H?li I, Zanetti-Daellenbach R, Holzgreve W, Lapaire O.
University of Basel, Department of Obstetrics and
Gynecology, Switzerland. ihoesli@uhbs.ch
There is a rising interest in a balanced and varied
women's diet not only preconceptionally but also during
pregnancy and in the breastfeeding period in order to
reduce fetal, neonatal, and maternal risks. A decreased
intake of omega 3-fatty acids (FA) or deficiencies of
micronutrients are a global health problem, not only in
developing countries, where micronutrient-rich food and
fortified aliments are often not available, and also in
the industrialized world. In contrast to data about the
daily preconceptionally intake of folate acid that has
been shown to reduce substantially the occurrence and
recurrence of neural tube defects (NTD), the benefit of
other micronutrients is less determinant. Deficiencies
of omega 3-FA may be a contributing factor for severe
complications in pregnancy and postpartum. A
meta-analysis for the role of omega 3-FA in preeclampsia
and maternal postpartum depression is less consistent,
some meta-view's results differ substantially or are
even contradictory to large observational studies.
Further well-designed studies are warranted. A personal
interview and counseling concerning the daily diet
should be integrated in the preconceptional and in the
antenatal care and an individual supplementation should
be offered, if indicated.
   
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